@conference {hedges_new_2012, title = {New models for collaborative textual scholarship}, booktitle = {2012 6th IEEE International Conference on Digital Ecosystems Technologies (DEST)}, year = {2012}, note = {00004}, month = {jun}, pages = {1{\textendash}6}, abstract = {In this article, the authors present tools encouraging and facilitating collaborative scholarship. The authors acknowledge that past and present digital work has been siloed and segregated. The authors argue that pursuing resource interconnectedness is the key to success. The authors begin by discussing TEI, RDF, and linked data. They move on to exploring tools for collaborative scholarship such as TextGrid and TXTvre. Throughout the publication, the authors refer to gnomologic texts as their case study and use these texts to expose the importance of interconnectedness. }, keywords = {Collaboration, collaborative textual scholarship, digital humanities, digital publication, digital silo, electronic publishing, Encoding, groupware, highly-interconnected material, humanities, Joining processes, linking texts, Materials, online texts editions, repositories, Resource description framework, semantic content, standards, Surface acoustic waves, text analysis, textual editing, textual resources, {eResearch}, {TEI} {XML}, {TextGrid}, {TEXTvre}, {XML}}, doi = {10.1109/DEST.2012.6227933}, url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=\&arnumber=6227933}, author = {Hedges, M. and Jordanous, A. and Dunn, Stuart and Roueche, C. and Kuster, M.W. and Selig, T. and Bittorf, M. and Artes, W.} } @article {maclean_patrons_2011, title = {From Patrons Web site to REED Online}, journal = {Medieval \& Renaissance Drama in England}, volume = {24}, year = {2011}, note = {00000}, month = {jan}, pages = {25{\textendash}37}, abstract = {The article discusses the Records of Early English Drama (REED) project and its "Patrons and Performances Web Site" project. The article discusses the role of database management systems, mass online storage, and Geographical Information System (GIS) mapping in developing the REED project. Other topics include the history of the "Patrons and Performances Web Site," goals of the website to make medieval and renaissance theatre accessible, and efforts to turn publications into searchable datasets.}, keywords = {English drama, History, {COMPUTER} network resources, {DATABASE} management, {GEODATABASES}, {GEOGRAPHIC} information systems, {WEBSITES}}, issn = {07313403}, url = {http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true\&db=a9h\&AN=67016591\&site=ehost-live}, author = {MacLean, Sally-Beth and Somerset, Alan} } @inbook {barbera_annotating_2013, title = {Annotating Digital Libraries and Electronic Editions in a Collaborative and Semantic Perspective}, booktitle = {Digital Libraries and Archives}, series = {Communications in Computer and Information Science}, number = {354}, year = {2013}, note = {00006}, month = {jan}, pages = {45{\textendash}56}, publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, abstract = {The distinction between digital libraries and electronic editions is becoming more and more subtle. The practice of annotation represents a point of convergence of two only apparently separated worlds. The aim of this paper is to present a model of collaborative semantic annotation of texts (SemLib project), suggesting a system that find in Semantic Web and Linked Data the solution technologies for enabling structured semantic annotation, also in the field of electronic editions in Digital Humanities domain. The main purpose of SemLib is to develop an application so to make easy for developers the integration of annotation software in digital libraries, which are different both for technical implementations and managed contents, and provide to users, indifferently from their cultural backgrounds, a simple system which could be used as a front-end. We present, for this purpose, a final example of semantic annotation in a specific context: a digital edition of a literary text and the issues that an annotation task involves.}, keywords = {Computer Appl. in Administrative Data Processing, Document Preparation and Text Processing, Information Storage and Retrieval, Information Systems Applications (incl. Internet), Linked Data, Ontologies, Open Collaboration, User Interfaces and Human Computer Interaction, {DATABASE} management, {RDF}, {TEI}}, isbn = {978-3-642-35833-3, 978-3-642-35834-0}, url = {http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-35834-0_7}, author = {Barbera, Michele and Meschini, Federico and Morbidoni, Christian and Tomasi, Francesca}, editor = {Agosti, Maristella and Esposito, Floriana and Ferilli, Stefano and Ferro, Nicola} } @conference {kochumman_tools_2004, title = {Tools for a New Generation of Scholarly Edition Unified by a Tei-based Interchange Format}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 4th ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries}, series = {{JCDL} {\textquoteright}04}, year = {2004}, note = {00003}, pages = {368{\textendash}369}, publisher = {ACM}, organization = {ACM}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, abstract = { This article details the creation of the Electronic Variorum Edition of Cervantes{\textquoteright} Don Quixote. The authors here explore how digital editions open up the world of scholarly editing to include presentation modes and visual artefacts that were not able to be produced in print. The authors discuss the MVED (Multi-Variant Editor for Documents), VERI (Virtual Edition Reader{\textquoteright}s Interface), and Text2TEI tools and explain their significant role in the building of this digital edition. }, keywords = {cervantes project, text encoding, {TEI}}, isbn = {1-58113-832-6}, doi = {10.1145/996350.996435}, url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/996350.996435}, author = {Kochumman, R and Monroy, Carlos and Deng, Jie and Furuta, Richard and Urbina, Eduardo} } @conference {vashishtha_moving_2010, title = {Moving Text Analysis Tools to the Cloud}, booktitle = {2010 6th World Congress on Services (SERVICES-1)}, year = {2010}, note = {00010}, pages = {107{\textendash}114}, abstract = {This article investigates the processes, challenges, and rewards of migrating digital humanities tools to alternative platforms. The authors argue that the challenge facing many digital humanities tools is that they are severely limited by the cost, time, scale, and parameters of their current platform. In order to increase a tools ability to respond accurately and effectively to large data set, a change in platform must be carried out. This article uses TAPoR and TAPoRware as a case-study of this type of transition from web service to cloud computing. Some of the challenges identified are: achieving greater functionality, deciding whether to wrap or re-implement services, and the various technical barriers. The authors encourage future work in the areas of analysis context, file format surpass, index scaling, and the development of new and diverse tools. }, keywords = {cloud computing, Clouds, computational task, digital humanists, Hadoop, humanities, Indexes, Internet, Java, portals, Simple object access protocol, text analysis, text analysis portal for research, text analysis tools, text-analysis response time, Web services, {HTML}, {MapReduce}, {TAPoR}}, doi = {10.1109/SERVICES.2010.91}, url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=5575783\&tag=1}, author = {Vashishtha, H. and Smit, M. and Stroulia, E.} } @article {guerrini_linked_2013, title = {Linked data: a new alphabet for the semantic web}, journal = {JLIS}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, year = {2013}, note = {00008}, month = {jan}, pages = {67}, abstract = {Mauro Guerrini and Tiziana Possemato explore the applications of linked data. Linked data is defined by the authors as a "set of best practices required for publishing and connecting structured data on the web for use by a machine." Linked data is characterized as a function of the semantic web as it make implicit connections between resources explicit through coding and metadata. Guerrini and Possemato discuss data structuring, data inference and the open linked data project as potential answers to the question "How to modify catalogues and data so that they can be of the web and not only on the web?" As way of conclusion the authors provide steps for both generating and evaluating linked data created by other scholars in the field. }, keywords = {Library linked data, Semantic web, Web semantico, {RDF}}, issn = {2038-1026}, doi = {10.4403/jlis.it-6305}, url = {http://leo.cineca.it/index.php/jlis/article/view/6305}, author = {Guerrini, Mauro and Possemato, Tiziana} } @inbook {peroni_reflecting_2013, title = {Reflecting on the Europeana Data Model}, booktitle = {Digital Libraries and Archives}, series = {Communications in Computer and Information Science}, number = {354}, year = {2013}, note = {00007}, month = {jan}, pages = {228{\textendash}240}, publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, abstract = {In this paper, Peroni, Tomasi, and Vitali present the Europeana: European Digital Library project. The aim of this project, as articulated by the authors, is to "collect metadata from a large number of providers, mainly cultural institutions, across Europe, and to enable search and discovery of cultural items described therein." The Europeana project has developed is own data model that is used to categorized and describe the items in the collection. Peroni, Tomasi, and Vitali critique the media type category, use of multi-layer description, and the connections built between roles and values. Their goal is to help users carry out better queries and to obtain better query results. In order improve the data model, Peroni, Tomasi, and Vitali suggest that developer focus on mapping by enriching the metadata vocabularies, ontologies, and models. }, keywords = {Computer Appl. in Administrative Data Processing, Document Preparation and Text Processing, Information Storage and Retrieval, Information Systems Applications (incl. Internet), Linked Data, User Interfaces and Human Computer Interaction, {CIDOC} {CRM}, {DATABASE} management, {DC}, {EDM}, {FRBR}, {RDF}}, isbn = {978-3-642-35833-3, 978-3-642-35834-0}, url = {http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-35834-0_23}, author = {Peroni, Silvio and Tomasi, Francesca and Vitali, Fabio}, editor = {Agosti, Maristella and Esposito, Floriana and Ferilli, Stefano and Ferro, Nicola} } @conference {stewart_new_2007, title = {A New Generation of Textual Corpora: Mining Corpora from Very Large Collections}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 7th ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries}, series = {{JCDL} {\textquoteright}07}, year = {2007}, note = {00017}, pages = {356{\textendash}365}, publisher = {ACM}, organization = {ACM}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, abstract = {This article considers OCR programs developed for reading classical Greek. The authors of this paper work to show how computational correction practices can create text documents with accuracy ratings comparable to "hand-crafted corpora." Three challenges of Greek OCR documents are identified: exclusion of variant readings, exclusion of multiple editions, and inability to draw connections between texts that reference each other. The authors point to work done, individually, in all of these areas by citing different digital archives and versioning softwares. However, these three challenges are not addressed by a single project. In order to grapple with this, the authors structure a multi-tiered approach to OCRing Greek texts. The authors discovered that simple error correction techniques based on word lists and morphological analyzer improve results, increase accuracy by including multiple editions. In closing, a greater is made towards trajectories of future work, including image quality, comparison errors, and recognizing accents. }, keywords = {ancient greek, text alignment, {OCR} evaluation}, isbn = {978-1-59593-644-8}, doi = {10.1145/1255175.1255247}, url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1255175.1255247}, author = {Stewart, Gordon and Crane, Gregory and Babeu, Alison} } @article {rodriguez_convergence_2006, title = {The convergence of digital libraries and the peer-review process}, journal = {Journal of Information Science}, volume = {32}, number = {2}, year = {2006}, note = {00070}, pages = {149{\textendash}159}, abstract = {This article discusses alternative peer review models for pre-print materials and publications. The article begins by asserting how fundamental the process of peer review is to academic knowledge production and circulation. The authors also identify the four key players in academic peer review: author, editor, publisher, and reviewer. This article looks at various models of peer review such as staged review, interactive review, and journal banks. The final alternate review model that is proposed uses authorship networks and metadata records to identify, rank, and organize reviewers for publications. This repository model of peer review promotes community feedback.}, keywords = {open archives initiative, peer-review process, pre-print repositories, {OAI}-{PMH}}, issn = {0165-5515, 1741-6485}, doi = {10.1177/0165551506062327}, url = {http://jis.sagepub.com/content/32/2/149}, author = {Rodriguez, Marko A. and Bollen, Johan and Sompel, Herbert Van de} } @conference {krafft_ncore:_2008, title = {Ncore: Architecture and Implementation of a Flexible, Collaborative Digital Library}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 8th ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries}, series = {{JCDL} {\textquoteright}08}, year = {2008}, note = {00031}, pages = {313{\textendash}322}, publisher = {ACM}, organization = {ACM}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, abstract = {Krafft, Birkland, and Cramer use the National Science Digital Library (NSDL) and their newly developed NCore repository as the central object of inquiry. The NSDL was created "to provide organized access to high quality resources and tools that support innovations in teaching and learning at all levels of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education." Krafft, Birkland, and Cramer work through both the back-end and front-end of the repository by discussing the structures of aggregation; the semantics of aggregation, including classification and inheritance; users created aggregations as value-added; system integration with Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting; and, finally, the deployment of Web 2.0 tools. When this article was composed, NCore was set to release in January 2008. Krafft, Birkland, and Cramer suggested that future work would include the development of a toolkit to support easy integration, RSS feeds, and system extensions. Overall, the authors argue that "NCore implements a flexible, extensible platform for creating a new kind of digital library that integrates the best features of traditional libraries with the collaborative tools of Web 2.0."}, keywords = {aggregations, architecture, digital library, education, fedora, interoperability, {NSDL}}, isbn = {978-1-59593-998-2}, doi = {10.1145/1378889.1378943}, url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1378889.1378943}, author = {Krafft, Dean B. and Birkland, Aaron and Cramer, Ellen J.} } @conference {palmer_trends_2007, title = {Trends in Metadata Practices: A Longitudinal Study of Collection Federation}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 7th ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries}, series = {{JCDL} {\textquoteright}07}, year = {2007}, note = {00022}, pages = {386{\textendash}395}, publisher = {ACM}, organization = {ACM}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, abstract = {In this piece, Palmer, Zavalina, and Mustafoff discuss the IMLS Digital Collections and Content project, which was designed to promote the development of shareable collection metadata. Palmer, Zavalina, and Mustafoff conducted an empirical study of the metadata practice across a variety of institutions. This study was longitudinal: collecting survey results in 2003 and 2006. Palmer, Zavalina, and Mustafoff focused on issues of interoperability, access, and organization in their surveys. Their results included the identification of top metadata problems, popular metadata schemes, and intended audiences. While the findings in their study was vast, Palmer, Zavalina, and Mustafoff encourage more scholars to take on this type of work because there is so much to be learned about the user community. }, keywords = {aggregated services, descriptive metadata, federated digital collections, interoperability, metadata schemes, {IMLS} digital collections and content project}, isbn = {978-1-59593-644-8}, doi = {10.1145/1255175.1255251}, url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1255175.1255251}, author = {Palmer, Carole L. and Zavalina, Oksana L. and Mustafoff, Megan} } @inbook {larson_connecting_2011, title = {Connecting Archival Collections: The Social Networks and Archival Context Project}, booktitle = {Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, number = {6966}, year = {2011}, note = {00006}, pages = {3{\textendash}14}, publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, abstract = {This paper describes the Social Networks and Archival Context (SNAC) project, a database, which {\textquotedblleft}merges information from each instance of an individual name found in the Encoded Archival Description (EAD) resources, along with variant names, biographical notes, and their topical descriptions. {\textquotedblleft} The database merges information from different sources to offer a rich and varied insight into the social-historical context of the name provided in the search query. In this article, Ray Larson and Krishna Janakiraman address the processes involved in and issues that arise from deriving information from the database, such as name-matching and merging information from different sources. They also describe the SNAC prototype interface for public use. The SNAC project is still undergoing development, where the research results are being used to improve the database. }, keywords = {Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, Document Preparation and Text Processing, Information Storage and Retrieval, Information Systems Applications (incl. Internet), Multimedia Information Systems, {DATABASE} management}, isbn = {978-3-642-24468-1, 978-3-642-24469-8}, url = {http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-24469-8_3}, author = {Larson, Ray R. and Janakiraman, Krishna}, editor = {Gradmann, Stefan and Borri, Francesca and Meghini, Carlo and Schuldt, Heiko} } @article {castell_maintaining_1997, title = {Maintaining Web-based Bibliographies: A Case Study of Iter, the Bibliography of Renaissance Europe}, journal = {Proceedings of the ASIS Annual Meeting}, volume = {34}, year = {1997}, note = {00004}, month = {jan}, pages = {174{\textendash}82}, abstract = {Tracy Castell provides an overview of the information management tools used by the Iter bibliography. Castello begins by articulating why Iter decided to design their bibliography for the web: accessibility and updatabilty. These principles played a large role in the selection of information management tools as the Iter team understood that the design of their user interface and search system would impact how their audience interacted with the resource. Iter elected to use a combination of MARC (Machine Readable Code), AACR2R (Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules), LCSH (Library of Congress Subject Headings), and DDC (Dewey Decimal Classification). Castell notes that as the bibliography grows and develops, new information management issues will arise that will necessitate a revision of the current system. To conclude, Castell lists some of the Iter teams anticipated concerns or questions when it comes to future information management. }, keywords = {Access to Information, Bibliographies, Computer Uses in Education, Information Management, Information Services, Information Sources, Online Systems, Printed Materials, Reference Materials, Scholarly Journals, World Wide Web}, issn = {0044-7870}, url = {https://www.asis.org/annual-97/castell.htm}, author = {Castell, Tracy} } @article {rasmussen_gilded_2004, title = {Gilded Monuments and Living Records: A Note on Critical Editions in Print and Online}, journal = {Early Modern Literary Studies: A Journal of Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century English Literature}, volume = {9}, number = {3}, year = {2004}, note = {00002}, abstract = {Rasmussen{\textquoteright}s short essay addresses the relationship between mass/volume and quality when it comes to books. In general, Rasmussen argues, users do not expect the same quality or fidelity in an electronic text as they would a printed one. However, the Internet Shakespeare Editions project is working to shift this paradigm. By employing peer review and "rigorous editorial oversight," the Internet Shakespeare Editions put a quality product online. In fact, Rasmussen argues that the project{\textquoteright}s fidelity may actually surpass print editions because of its ability to correct human error with the click of a button. }, keywords = {1500-1599, by Oxford University Press, compared to electronic edition, English literature, on editions, poetry, Shakespeare, Venus and Adonis (1593), William (1564-1616)}, issn = {1201-2459}, url = {http://extra.shu.ac.uk/emls/09-3/rasmgild.htm}, author = {Rasmussen, Eric} } @article {galey_dizzying_2004, title = {Dizzying the Arithmetic of Memory: Shakespearean Documents as Text, Image, and Code}, journal = {Early Modern Literary Studies: A Journal of Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century English Literature}, volume = {9}, number = {3}, year = {2004}, note = {00005}, month = {jan}, abstract = {This essay explores what component parts define a textual document and how these parts may be represented, translated, catalogued, or lost in transforming a physical object into a digital transcription. Galey uses the transcriptions of Shakespeare{\textquoteright}s plays from the Internet Shakespeare Editions as a object of inquiry for this essay. Galey begins by addressing the challenges of encoding an Early Modern text that, in many cases, possesses characters or symbols non-existant in Unicode or ASCII and, therefore, not readable by a computer. Galey also discusses the role of the editor in digitally transcribing or rendering texts. The final layer Galey add to this question of interpreting the text is the challenge of encoding performance - an issue near and dear to Shakespearean works. To conclude, Galey urges modern Shakespeare editors to embrace the necessary qualities of questioning and incompleteness in texts. }, keywords = {1500-1599, bibliographical approach, drama, electronic publishing, English literature, Hypertext Markup Language, relationship to printing, Shakespeare, William (1564-1616)}, issn = {1201-2459}, url = {http://extra.shu.ac.uk/emls/09-3/galedizz.htm}, author = {Galey, Alan} } @article {massai_redefining_2004, title = {Redefining the Role of the Editor for the Electronic Medium: A New Internet Shakespeare Edition of Edward III}, journal = {Early Modern Literary Studies: A Journal of Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century English Literature}, volume = {9}, number = {3}, year = {2004}, note = {00002}, month = {jan}, abstract = {In this essay, Sonia Massai discusses the critical and contemplative decisions behind creating a working model for assembling an electronic edition by drawing on her personal experiences developing the Internet Shakespeare Edition of Edward III. Massai observes the similarities and differences between print and digital edition beginning with the organization or layout of material. While a print edition necessitates an order, an electronic edition possesses the ability to obscure this hierarchy. Also, the "electronic medium not only de-centres the modern edition but also the traditional role of the editor, by being intrinsically open to collaboration." Massai asserts that the electronic medium possesses the "versatility and multiplicity" to overcome the challenges of readability and audience when compiling an edition. Finally, electronic editing can shift and shape author attribution.}, keywords = {1500-1599, English literature, on electronic edition, relationship to Shakespeare, The Raigne of Edward {III} (1596), William (1564-1616)}, issn = {1201-2459}, url = {http://extra.shu.ac.uk/emls/09-3/massrede.htm}, author = {Massai, Sonia} } @article {finn__2004, title = {@ the Table of the Great: Hospitable Editing and the Internet Shakespeare Editions Project}, journal = {Early Modern Literary Studies: A Journal of Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century English Literature}, volume = {9}, number = {3}, year = {2004}, note = {00000}, month = {jan}, abstract = {This essay begins by examining what is means to be a hospitable editor and then turns these principles on a case study of the Internet Shakespeare Editions project. Finn asserts that the notion of hospitality, that permeates Shakespeare studies, needs to overflow into today{\textquoteright}s editing practices if we have any hope of doing the works justice. There is certainly no lack of Shakespearean editions and, therefore, Finn questions: "Which editions are welcoming? Which provide guests with the space necessary to engage with the text?" For Finn, hospitable editing means user-first editing led by an editor "who neither abdicates responsibility nor tyrannizes by forcing certain practices of reading." Finn argues that this style is exemplified in the Internet Shakespeare Editions. In conclusion, Finn asserts that a "hospitable edition is one that creates a space where a number of readers can come and feel welcome."}, keywords = {1500-1599, drama, English literature, of electronic edition, relationship to user interface, Shakespeare, textual editing, William (1564-1616)}, issn = {1201-2459}, url = {http://extra.shu.ac.uk/emls/09-3/finntabl.htm}, author = {Finn, Patrick} } @article {forsyth_playing_2004, title = {Playing with Wench-Like Words: Copia and Surplus in the Internet Shakespeare Edition of Cymbeline}, journal = {Early Modern Literary Studies: A Journal of Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century English Literature}, volume = {9}, number = {3}, year = {2004}, note = {00000}, month = {jan}, abstract = {This informally written article by Jennifer Forsyth - originally presented as a talk - discusses emotion in the creation of editions. Forsyth uses her experience as the editor of the Internet Shakespeare Editions Cymbeline to inform her exploration of this topic. For Forsyth, publishing and emotion are intimately linked. Forsyth acknowledges that "technical wizardry" has provided contemporary editors with the ability to interact with their readers. Forsyth argues that "well-informed, interested, and intelligent readers" could easily be invited to collaborate with the traditional lone editor in order to create a more dynamic edition. Forsyth concludes by arguing that perhaps by alleviating the pressure of single editor that must know all, editions could become more fluid. }, keywords = {1500-1599, copia, Cymbeline (1609), English literature, relationship to electronic edition, romance, Shakespeare, William (1564-1616)}, issn = {1201-2459}, url = {http://extra.shu.ac.uk/emls/09-3/forsplay.html}, author = {Forsyth, Jennifer C.} } @article {siemens_disparate_1998, title = {Disparate Structures, Electronic and Otherwise: Conceptions of Textual Organisation in the Electronic Medium, with Reference to Electronic Editions of Shakespeare and the Internet}, journal = {Early Modern Literary Studies: A Journal of Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century English Literature}, volume = {3}, number = {3}, year = {1998}, note = {00012}, month = {jan}, abstract = {In this essay, Raymond Siemens discusses different styles or types of edition building practices for electronic editions. The two basic models for electronic editions: the dynamic text approach and the hypertext approach. The dynamic text approach traditionally combines an encoded text with analysis software in order to facilitate dynamic reader engagement. Hypertextual editing is thought to mirror social theories of editing by leveraging hyper textual organization to facilitate the reader{\textquoteright}s interaction with the text. Siemens argues that, for publishers, producing materials on the Internet "provides the most efficient and universal way of delivering electronic information, much more efficient than a number of platform-specific floppy-disks, CD-ROMs with storage limits of under 1 gigabyte, and awkward digital tape." However, Siemens does note that there are gap between "what is and what should be" when it comes to the current capabilities of Internet editing. As a way of concluding, Siemens briefly addresses the shifting role of the editor in producing an electronic edition. }, keywords = {1500-1599, English literature, Internet, role of electronic edition, Shakespeare, William (1564-1616)}, issn = {1201-2459}, url = {http://extra.shu.ac.uk/emls/03-3/siemshak.html}, author = {Siemens, R. G.} } @article {steggle_review_2003, title = {Review of Internet Shakespeare Editions, A Shakespeare Suite CD-ROM}, journal = {Early Modern Literary Studies: A Journal of Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century English Literature}, volume = {9}, number = {2}, year = {2003}, note = {00000}, month = {sep}, abstract = {This article looks into three tools: Shakespeare{\textquoteright}s Life and Time (essentially a hypertext version of a Companion to Shakespeare Studies), Scenario (where users can virtually direct Shakespeare{\textquoteright}s plays), and Textual Resources (an environment designed to enable readers to experiment with extents of Shakespere). Shakespeare{\textquoteright}s Life and Time is noted as "an impressive undertaking" as it amalgamates hyperlinks, music files, and video files to provide curious reader with a further look into Shakespeare. Textual Resources provides another alternative look at Shakespeare by displaying the textual variants and modernized spelling versions of Shakespeare{\textquoteright}s texts. The tool also includes "individually compile concordances" for each of the plays. Finally, Scenario launches a virtual Globe theatre where users can create scenes using figures and props. While the graphics may be sub-par, the frames can be linked together in a series and accompanied by music to add effect. In conclusion, it is remarked that the Shakespeare Suite would be a great interest to teachers hoping to utilize "IT in the classroom." }, keywords = {1500-1599, drama, English literature, of electronic edition, relationship to user interface, Shakespeare, textual editing, William (1564-1616)}, issn = {1201-2459}, url = {http://extra.shu.ac.uk/emls/09-2/stegbest.html}, author = {Steggle, Matthew} } @book {cerasano_medieval_2011, title = {Medieval and Renaissance Drama in England}, volume = {24}, year = {2011}, note = {00000}, publisher = {Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press}, organization = {Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press}, abstract = {This volume of Medieval and Renaissance Drama in England features the a symposium on theatre history resources alongside four additional articles and eleven book reviews. Several of the publications speak to Records of Early English Drama (REED) and the Lost Plays Database.}, keywords = {Irish, Literary Criticism / Drama, Literary Criticism / European / English, Literary Criticism / Medieval, Scottish, Welsh}, isbn = {9780838643181}, url = {http://www.amazon.com/Medieval-Renaissance-Drama-England-Vol/dp/0838643183}, editor = {Cerasano, S. P. and Bly, Mary and Hirschfeld, Heather Anne} } @article {shadbolt_semantic_2006, title = {The Semantic Web Revisited}, journal = {IEEE Intelligent Systems}, volume = {21}, number = {3}, year = {2006}, note = {01419}, month = {jan}, pages = {96{\textendash}101}, abstract = {In this article, Berners-Lee, Hall, and Shadbolt examine the development of the semantic web over the last 50 years. The semantic web is characterized as a "web of actionable information" comprised of documents for humans to read and data for computers to manipulate. The authors argue that the semantic web necessitates a need for ontologies and data integration to function properly. An exploration of data frameworks, types of ontologies, and the rise of folksonomies are detailed in this article. As way of conclusion, Berners-Lee, Hall, and Shadbolt point towards a new wave of development in the methods, challenges, and techniques of the semantic web. }, keywords = {agent-based mediation, Artificial intelligence, Bioinformatics, e-science, Genomics, heterogeneous data, Humans, intelligent agents, Intelligent systems, multi-agent systems, Ontologies, Recruitment, Search engines, semantic networks, Semantic web, standards, Web services, Web sites}, issn = {1541-1672}, doi = {10.1109/MIS.2006.62}, url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=1637364\&tag=1}, author = {Shadbolt, N and Hall, W and Berners-Lee, T} } @article {crupi_beyond_2013, title = {Beyond the Pillars of Hercules: Linked data and cultural heritage}, journal = {JLIS}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, year = {2013}, note = {00006}, month = {Jan}, pages = {25}, abstract = {The purpose of Linked Data is to develop a total data space (the data web) able to mutually connect and enrich shared databases. Libraries therefore have the opportunity to integrate the structured information of their catalogs with information from other multiple sources and to make them more accessible by building them on web standards. The ability model the data, making them accessible and preserving the contextualization is proposed as a criterion for determining the quality of a library. The article deals with the essential articulation of semantic web and its application in the universe of libraries, and the opportunity to use shared languages, meta-languages, controlled vocabularies and ontologies that are able to meet the need for automatic processing.}, keywords = {Biblioteche, Cultural Heritage, Library linked data, Semantic web, Web semantico}, issn = {2038-1026}, doi = {10.4403/jlis.it-8587}, url = {http://leo.cineca.it/index.php/jlis/article/view/8587}, author = {Crupi, Gianfranco} } @article {tomasi_digital_2013, title = {Digital editions as a new model of conceptual authority data}, journal = {{JLIS}.it}, volume = {4}, number = {2}, year = {2013}, note = {00002}, month = {jul}, pages = {21{\textendash}44}, abstract = {Projects relating to the promotion of cultural heritage are facing a gradual transition from the description of the sources, a metadata layer, to their digitization. When this heritage is textual special attention is paid to the digitization annotated as transcription or marked-up, with the goal of textual edition or documentary. Every feature of a document element annotation that can be - and it is therefore an object of interpretation - has the form of an authority data to be analyzed under the different aspects that attest to the specific instance of the element in the context. Instruments of resource description, as a product of the context and domain, help transform the edition of a document in a knowledge base. The Semantic Web and Linked Data provide the theoretical tools and technology to convert authority files, which represent the access points to the conceptual and semantic digital editions, in interoperable resources.}, keywords = {Archivi di autorit{\`a}, Authority data, digital editions, Edizioni digitali, Indicizzazione per soggetto, Library linked data, Linked Data, Semantic indexing, Semantic web, Web semantico}, issn = {2038-1026}, doi = {10.4403/jlis.it-8808}, url = {http://leo.cineca.it/index.php/jlis/article/view/8808}, author = {Tomasi, Francesca} } @article {graham_review_2012, title = {Review of MALLET, produced by Andrew Kachites McCallum}, journal = {Journal of Digital Humanities}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, year = {2012}, note = {00000}, abstract = {MALLET, or MAchine Learning for LanguagE Toolkit, is an application that use topic modelling. Graham and Milligan argue that MALLET and topic modelling in general "have wide appeal across the digital humanities." Topic modelling can handle large collections of textual data but is still able to produce a close analysis of the material. Graham and Milligan assert, however, that MALLET data outputs can be difficult to understand and that organizing results in a network may be more conducive to humanities interpretations. Graham and Milligan note that the biggest issues with MALLET are its steep learning curve and its lack of inherent documentation - both of which raise methodological concerns. In order to remedy these concerns, Graham and Milligan cite a MALLET-user community that provides support for novice users. }, keywords = {No. 1 Winter 2012, Reviews, Vol. 2}, url = {http://journalofdigitalhumanities.org/2-1/review-mallet-by-ian-milligan-and-shawn-graham/}, author = {Graham, Shawn and Milligan, Ian} } @article {rhody_topic_2012, title = {Topic Modeling and Figurative Language}, journal = {Journal of Digital Humanities}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, year = {2012}, note = {00000}, abstract = {Rhody addresses the tension and complications of computing figurative language with topic modelling tools. Topic modelling, Rhody argues, fails when handling figurative language because topic modelling is unable to compute and preserve language{\textquoteright}s many possible meanings. However, Rhody asserts that these apparent "failures" are part of the reason topic modelling works on texts defined by their figurative language: "[S]omewhere between the literary possibility held in a corpus of thousands of English-language poems and the computational rigor of Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), there is an interpretive space." Rhody recounts her experience using topic modelling to explore ekphrasis poetry. Rhody began her research by comparing topics generated by non-figurative texts with the topics generated from a collection of poetry. The result was that the thematic clarity apparent in non-figurative topics did not translate when analyzing a collection of poetry. Rhody asserts that "[T]opic models of poetry do have a form of comprehensibility, but our understanding of coherence between topic keywords needs to be slightly different in models of poetry than in models of non-fiction texts."}, keywords = {Applications and Critiques, No. 1 Winter 2012, Vol. 2}, url = {http://journalofdigitalhumanities.org/2-1/topic-modeling-and-figurative-language-by-lisa-m-rhody/}, author = {Rhody, Lisa M.} } @article {schmidt_words_2012, title = {Words Alone: Dismantling Topic Models in the Humanities}, journal = {Journal of Digital Humanities}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, year = {2012}, note = {00000}, abstract = {Schmidt argues that simplifying topic models of humanities data "creates an enormous potential for groundless {\textemdash} or even misleading {\textemdash} {\textquoteright}insights.{\textquoteright}" The potential for erroneous insights comes from humanities scholars believing assumptions that are only partially true about topic models: that they are coherent and that they are stable. When these assumptions hold true there is great opportunity to understand the words in a massive corpora. However, Schmidt argues that topics must be interrogated because their results are not often as coherent as they seem. Schmidt suggest using graphics to represent topic model outputs because visualizations can simplify the data; he mentions Elijah Meeks{\textquoteright} work on organizing topic models as word clouds. In conclusion, "Even when humanists understand the mechanics of LDA perfectly", Schmidt suggests that "they will not be able to engage with their fellow scholars about them effectively. That is a high price to pay." Therefore, it is important to consider research using data, done simply, in order to broaden the potential audience. }, keywords = {Applications and Critiques, No. 1 Winter 2012, Vol. 2}, url = {http://journalofdigitalhumanities.org/2-1/words-alone-by-benjamin-m-schmidt/}, author = {Schmidt, Benjamin M.} } @article {meeks_digital_2012, title = {The Digital Humanities Contribution to Topic Modeling}, journal = {Journal of Digital Humanities}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, year = {2012}, note = {00000}, abstract = {In this introduction to a special issue of the Journal of Digital Humanities, Weingart and Meeks assert that this collection of essays aims to present "how to do topic modeling, what to use, its dangers, and some excellent examples of topic models in practice." Weingart and Meeks recount an abbreviated history of topic modelling: it arrived about 15 years ago from computer science, in 2002-2003 LDA originated, and over the past several years topic modelling has gained momentum as the popular topic modelling tool MALLET came to fruition and Stanford{\textquoteright}s work began to explode. With a hope to "make topic modeling more accessible for new digital humanities scholars", Weingart and Meeks present the journal in three sections: concepts, applications and critiques, and tools. }, keywords = {Introductions, No. 1 Winter 2012, Vol. 2}, url = {http://journalofdigitalhumanities.org/2-1/dh-contribution-to-topic-modeling/}, author = {Meeks, Elijah and Weingart, Scott} } @article {goldstone_what_2012, title = {What Can Topic Models of {PMLA} Teach Us About the History of Literary Scholarship?}, journal = {Journal of Digital Humanities}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, year = {2012}, note = {00000}, abstract = {In this article, Ted Underwood and Andrew Goldstone discuss the methodology and results of conducting topic modelling on the PMLA journal. Underwood, Goldstone, and three other colleagues set out on this literary experiment in hopes of gaining a fuller understanding of the evolution of the discipline across time. In their explanation of the various topic patterns presented in the PMLA corpus, Underwood and Goldstone suggest that there is merit in visualizing topic models as networks. What a network allows is for topics and vocabulary to cross between each other - creating an interconnected graphic. Finally, Underwood and Goldstone purpose that topic models - while generally used to reveal what is being written about - can be used to detail how something is being written about: "topic modeling can identify discourses as well as subject categories and embedded languages."}, keywords = {Applications and Critiques, No. 1 Winter 2012, Vol. 2}, url = {http://journalofdigitalhumanities.org/2-1/what-can-topic-models-of-pmla-teach-us-by-ted-underwood-and-andrew-goldstone/}, author = {Goldstone, Andrew} } @article {blei_topic_2013, title = {Topic Modeling and Digital Humanities}, journal = {Journal of Digital Humanities}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, year = {2013}, note = {00000}, abstract = {Blei{\textquoteright}s begins his article with a savvy and concise definition of topic modelling: "a suite of algorithms to discover hidden thematic structure in large collections of texts. The results of topic modeling algorithms can be used to summarize, visualize, explore, and theorize about a corpus." Topic modelling, unlike other methods of data mining, does not require that the researcher identify the topics or categories but rather the algorithm uncovers this structure. Topic modelling is one mode of a larger field called "probabilistic modelling." Blei ends by producing a potential humanities research scenario where using topic modelling would be a useful practice. }, keywords = {Beginnings, No. 1 Winter 2012, Vol. 2}, url = {http://journalofdigitalhumanities.org/2-1/topic-modeling-and-digital-humanities-by-david-m-blei/}, author = {Blei, David M.} } @article {rhody_topic_2012-1, title = {Topic Model Data for Topic Modeling and Figurative Language}, journal = {Journal of Digital Humanities}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, year = {2012}, note = {00000}, abstract = {This contains the data generated from the research project Lisa Rhody discusses in her article "Topic Modeling and Figurative Language" featured in the same journal issue. }, keywords = {Applications and Critiques, No. 1 Winter 2012, Vol. 2}, url = {http://journalofdigitalhumanities.org/2-1/topic-model-data-for-topic-modeling-and-figurative-language-by-lisa-m-rhody/}, author = {Rhody, Lisa M.} } @article {brett_topic_2012, title = {Topic Modeling: A Basic Introduction}, journal = {Journal of Digital Humanities}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, year = {2012}, note = {00000}, abstract = {Brett{\textquoteright}s article purposes to introduce and exemplify topic modelling tools. Categorized as a form of text mining, Brett points to topic modelling as a way of sourcing out patterns in a corpus. In order to describe how topic modelling works, Brett illustrates using this analogy: "imagine working through an article with a set of highlighters. As you read through the article, you use a different color for the key words of themes within the paper as you come across them. When you were done, you could copy out the words as grouped by the color you assigned them. That list of words is a topic, and each color represents a different topic." Brett lists the "ingredients" necessary to successfully use topic modelling: a large corpus, familiarity with that corpus, a tool designed for topic modelling, and the knowledge to understand your results. While not necessarily useful as evidence, Brett argues that topic modelling is a great discovery tool. }, keywords = {Beginnings, No. 1 Winter 2012, Vol. 2}, url = {http://journalofdigitalhumanities.org/2-1/topic-modeling-a-basic-introduction-by-megan-r-brett/}, author = {Brett, Megan R.} } @article {mimno_details:_2012, title = {The Details: Training and Validating Big Models on Big Data}, journal = {Journal of Digital Humanities}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, year = {2012}, note = {00000}, abstract = {In this video, David Mimno explains how topic modelling functions, how to remedy common topic modelling errors, and discusses the MALLET application. The presentation was recorded on 3 November 2012 as part of a NEH sponsored workshop at the University of Maryland. }, keywords = {Beginnings, No. 1 Winter 2012, Vol. 2}, url = {http://journalofdigitalhumanities.org/2-1/the-details-by-david-mimno/}, author = {Mimno, David} } @conference {shi_understanding_2010, title = {Understanding text corpora with multiple facets}, booktitle = {2010 IEEE Symposium on Visual Analytics Science and Technology (VAST)}, year = {2010}, note = {00031}, pages = {99{\textendash}106}, abstract = {This article responded to the rising "interest in analyzing complex text documents" that are composed of multiple and varied data fields. The authors argue that there is an overwhelming need for a visual analytics tool to support this type of analysis. While existing tools focus on revealing patterns and summarizing content, this new tool is the first to integrate "interactive visualization with a multi-faceted data model of the text corpora for effective visual representation, navigation, and analytics." The authors discuss both Latent Semantic Indexing and Latent Dirichlet Allocation as well as the various visualization strategies employed to make complex data readable in a graphic representation. To illustrate the effectiveness of the tool, two case studies are provided. }, keywords = {Correlation, data facets, Data mining, data model, data models, data visualisation, data visualization, Layout, multi-facet data visualization, Navigation, text analysis, text corpora, text visualization, user interfaces, visual analysis, visual interaction method, visualization}, doi = {10.1109/VAST.2010.5652931}, author = {Shi, L. and Wei, Furu and Liu, Shixia and Tan, Li and Lian, Xiaoxiao and Zhou, M.X.} } @article {rockwell_ubiquitous_2010, title = {Ubiquitous Text Analysis}, journal = {The Journal of the Initiative for Digital Humanities, Media, and Culture}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, year = {2010}, note = {00007}, month = {dec}, abstract = {Sinclair, Rockwell, Ruecker, and Organisciak open this article by identifying the three main problems when it comes to the use of text analysis tools: many tools don{\textquoteright}t work well when used together, many tools don{\textquoteright}t properly integrate with digital content, and some of the best tools are the hardest to find. The authors of this article argue that for text analysis tools to be successful the text must be privileged. Throughout the article, various tools and their ongoing development are discussed {\textendash} TAPoR, DigitalTexts, TAToo, and others. Sinclair, Rockwell, Ruecker, and Organisciak assert that capitalizing on the social digital age is one important aspect of text analysis. In conclusion, the authors all agree that integration {\textendash} between tools, between tools and texts, and between tools and users {\textendash} is fundamental and key. }, keywords = {data analysis, data visualization, datamining, digital humanities, exploratory data analysis, visualization}, issn = {1935-7362}, url = {https://journals.tdl.org/paj/index.php/paj/article/view/13}, author = {Rockwell, Geoffrey and Sinclair, St{\'e}fan G. and Ruecker, Stan and Organisciak, Peter} } @conference {plaisant_exploring_2006, title = {Exploring Erotics in Emily Dickinson{\textquoteright}s Correspondence with Text Mining and Visual Interfaces}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 6th ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries}, series = {{JCDL} {\textquoteright}06}, year = {2006}, note = {00053}, pages = {141{\textendash}150}, publisher = {{ACM}}, organization = {{ACM}}, address = {New York, {NY}, {USA}}, abstract = {This article examines how document repositories can be utilized for humanities research and critical interpretation. The article specifically focuses on the rapidly expanding field of text mining. A case study of 300 XML encoded letter written between Emily Dickinson and her sister-in-law Susan Huntingdon Dickinson was used by the authors to experiment with their methods and test their theories. The authors argue that in order for computational methods to significantly effect the humanities discipline the tools developed must be concerned with scholarly interpretation and be useable by non-experts. Using a multinomial na{\"\i}ve Bayes algorithm, the authors trained a computer program to "read" the Dickinson correspondence for erotic language and to then classify the letters based on the appearance (or not) of this language. The panel of literary scholars was particularly pleased by how accurately the algorithm classified the letters. Feedback was given for improving aesthetic qualities of the user interface but overall the tool proved both useful and useable. }, keywords = {case studies, humanities, literary criticism, text mining, user interface, visualization}, isbn = {1-59593-354-9}, doi = {10.1145/1141753.1141781}, url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1141753.1141781}, author = {Plaisant, Catherine and Rose, James and Yu, Bei and Auvil, Loretta and Kirschenbaum, Matthew G. and Smith, Martha Nell and Clement, Tanya and Lord, Greg} } @article {hyvonen_museumfinlandfinnish_2005, title = {MuseumFinland{\textemdash}Finnish museums on the semantic web}, journal = {Selcted Papers from the International Semantic Web Conference, 2004 ISWC, 2004 3rd. International Semantic Web Conference, 2004}, volume = {3}, number = {2{\textendash}3}, year = {2005}, note = {00215}, pages = {224{\textendash}241}, abstract = {This article explores how the semantic web can help build connections in diverse cultural collections. MuseumFinland is deployed as the case study for this research. MuseumFinland boasts a collection of over 4000 artefacts across 260 historical sites that roughly divided into 7 ontologies. The main goal of MuseumFinland is to "to provide the end-user with semantic association links relating collection contents with each other" through the use of single entry point searching. The design, creation, launch, and user engagement with MuseumFinland is discussed at length in this publication to showcase the "power of semantic web technologies to solving interoperability problems of heterogeneous museum collections when publishing them on the web."}, keywords = {information retrieval, Multi-facet search, Ontology, Recommendation system, Semantic web, View-based search}, issn = {1570-8268}, doi = {10.1016/j.websem.2005.05.008}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S157082680500017X}, author = {Hyv{\"o}nen, Eero and M{\"a}kel{\"a}, Eetu and Salminen, Mirva and Valo, Arttu and Viljanen, Kim and Saarela, Samppa and Junnila, Miikka and Kettula, Suvi} } @article {clement_knowledge_2011, title = {Knowledge Representation and Digital Scholarly Editions in Theory and Practice}, journal = {Journal of the Text Encoding Initiative}, number = {Issue 1}, year = {2011}, note = {00007}, abstract = {In this article, Tanya Clement uses the case study of Baroness Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven{\textquoteright}s unpublished poetry to explore knowledge representation and scholarly editing. Clement begins by describing the nature of Freytag-Loringhoven{\textquoteright}s work and the structure of the digital edition built using TEI and the Versioning Machine. Clement asserts that the theory behind this digital edition comes from John Bryant{\textquoteright}s notion of the fluid text. Clement acknowledges that there are varying opinions on the usefulness of the digital space for creating editions, but that in this case, the medium was superior for representing the poems as versions.}, keywords = {digital editions, interface development, knowledge representation, scholarly editing, text encoding, versioning}, issn = {2162-5603}, doi = {10.4000/jtei.203}, url = {http://jtei.revues.org/203}, author = {Clement, Tanya} } @conference {monroy_digital_2007, title = {Digital Donne: Workflow, Editing Tools, and the Reader.S Interface of a Collection of 17th-century English Poetry}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 7th ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries}, series = {{JCDL} {\textquoteright}07}, year = {2007}, note = {00004}, pages = {411{\textendash}412}, publisher = {ACM}, organization = {ACM}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, abstract = {Digital Donne is a web-based database that contains {\textquotedblleft}high-quality digital images of early editions and manuscripts of Donne{\textquoteright}s poems accurate transcriptions of the texts of poems, and tools for the analysis of both artifacts and texts.{\textquotedblright} The infrastructure for this project was adopted from previous projects and has evolved over time, moving from a personalized mark-up system for the transcription of poems to Unicode after it was released. The large number of texts ensued inevitable errors in the transcription, resulting in the creation of a post-processing tool that enables editors to modify the transcriptions in a simple manner and be instantly reflected on the user interface. There are three ways through which the collection can be accessed: through index of poems, a concordance index, or an index of press variants. The Digital Donne database is meant to complement the multi-volume Variorum Edition of the Poetry of John Donne and demonstrates how digital tools can enhance traditional research and scholarly editions. }, keywords = {English poetry, humanities informatics, John Donne, variorum edition}, isbn = {978-1-59593-644-8}, doi = {10.1145/1255175.1255257}, url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1255175.1255257}, author = {Monroy, Carlos and Furuta, Richard and Stringer, Gary} } @conference {don_discovering_2007, title = {Discovering Interesting Usage Patterns in Text Collections: Integrating Text Mining with Visualization}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Sixteenth ACM Conference on Conference on Information and Knowledge Management}, series = {{CIKM} {\textquoteright}07}, year = {2007}, note = {00107}, pages = {213{\textendash}222}, publisher = {ACM}, organization = {ACM}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, abstract = {This article explores the use of computational methods - specifically text mining - for humanities research. The authors begin by arguing that, while humanities scholars use computers to access documents, they rarely use them to assist with literary interoperation or to develop research hypotheses. Text mining is wonderful for identifying patterns and searching through large bodies of text. However, the results it generate are often hard to interpret and, therefore, this method is avoided by humanities researchers. The authors of this article explore the development of a program called FeatureLens to is "designed to fill a gap by allowing users to interpret the results of the text mining thru visual exploration of the patterns in the text." FeatureLens "aims at integrating a set of text mining and visualization functionalities into a powerful tool, which provokes new insights and discoveries." By generating frequent expression lists, frequent work lists, and n-grams, FeatureLens is able to parse complicated text documents and reveal interesting patterns. }, keywords = {digital humanities, frequent closed itemsets, n-grams, text mining, user interface}, isbn = {978-1-59593-803-9}, doi = {10.1145/1321440.1321473}, url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1321440.1321473}, author = {Don, Anthony and Zheleva, Elena and Gregory, Machon and Tarkan, Sureyya and Auvil, Loretta and Clement, Tanya and Shneiderman, Ben and Plaisant, Catherine} } @article {dombrowski_tei_2013, title = {TEI and Project Bamboo}, journal = {Journal of the Text Encoding Initiative}, number = {Issue 5}, year = {2013}, abstract = {Project Bamboo, a cyberinfrastructure initiative supported by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, takes as its core mission the enhancement of arts and humanities research through the development of shared technology services. Rather than developing new tools for curating or analyzing data, Project Bamboo aims to provide core infrastructure services including identity and access management, collection interoperability, and scholarly data management. The longer-term goal is for many organizations and projects to leverage those services so as to direct their own resources towards innovative tool or collection development. In addition, Bamboo seeks to model a paradigm for tool integration that focuses on tools as discrete services (such as a morphology annotation service and a geoparser service, instead of a web-based environment that does morphological annotation and geoparsing) that can be applied to texts, individually or in combination with other services, to enable complex curatorial and analytical workflows. This paper addresses points of intersection between Project Bamboo and TEI over the course of Bamboo{\textquoteright}s development, including the role of TEI in Bamboo{\textquoteright}s ongoing development work. The paper highlights the significant contributions of the TEI community to the early development of the project through active participation in the Bamboo Planning Project. The paper also addresses the influence of TEI on the Bamboo Technology Project{\textquoteright}s collection interoperability and corpus curation/analysis initiatives, as well as its role in current (as of October 2012) development work.}, keywords = {corpus annotation, cyberinfrastructure, digital infrastructures, interoperability, Project Bamboo, scholarly editing, tools}, issn = {2162-5603}, doi = {10.4000/jtei.787}, url = {http://jtei.revues.org/787}, author = {Dombrowski, Quinn and Denbo, Seth} } @article {knutson_lost_2011, title = {The Lost Plays Database: A Wiki for Lost Plays}, journal = {Medieval and Renaissance Drama in England}, volume = {24}, year = {2011}, note = {00003}, pages = {46{\textendash}57}, abstract = {In this article, Roslyn Knutson and David McInnis present the Lost Plays Database (LPD), an open-access wiki platform that disseminates information to scholars and researchers on lost plays of the early modern period. Knutson and McInnis argue that this information is valuable to scholars because it expands the field of repertory and cultural studies, and because these plays occupied and important position in the theatric marketplace of the time. The authors provide an overview of the practical and theoretical issues that went into building the database, keeping in mind the goal of having as much information present directly in the database, even it is present on other platforms or the information is not completely reliable. They tackle this latter issue by adding a {\textquotedblleft}For What It{\textquoteright}s Worth{\textquotedblright} category to the database where the most fragmentary and disconnected information is stored, and demonstrate how its usefulness since researchers{\textquoteright} contributions in this section move the lost play closer to be identifiable. The authors conclude by discussing their next steps in terms of funding for maintaining and expanding their project. }, keywords = {Historical, Literature, Theater}, issn = {0731-3403}, url = {http://search.proquest.com/docview/894444364}, author = {Knutson, Roslyn L. and McInnis, David} } @article {savoy_authorship_2013, title = {Authorship attribution based on a probabilistic topic model}, journal = {Information Processing \& Management}, volume = {49}, number = {1}, year = {2013}, note = {00009}, pages = {341{\textendash}354}, abstract = {In this article, Jacques Savoy tested the efficiency and reliability of using LDA (Latent Dirichlet Analysis) as a means of author attribution. Savoy opens the article by discussing the basic components of author attributions: a frequent word data set and a distance measurement. Noting that there is a limited number of test corpora for authorship attribution, Savoy compiles and describes the two test corpora used in his study: selections from English language publication the Glasgow Herald and selections from Italian language publication La Stompa. Savoy conducts authorship attribution tests on these data sets using delta, chi-sqaure, Kullback-Leibler, and Naive Bayes calculations as well as the LDA. While LDA is generally used to categorize texts into topics, Savoy concludes that it can be useful for authorship attribution. }, keywords = {Authorship attribution, Lexical statistics, Machine learning, Text categorization}, issn = {0306-4573}, doi = {10.1016/j.ipm.2012.06.003}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306457312000751}, author = {Savoy, Jacques} } @article {plamondon_lemma_2009, title = {The Lemma and Database Design: Redesigning Representative Poetry Online, Lemmatizing Lexicons of Early Modern English, and Envisioning the Lemmatic Web}, journal = {New Knowledge Environments}, volume = {1}, number = {1}, year = {2009}, note = {00000}, abstract = {In this article, Marc Plamondon discusses his work on two major digital projects: Lexicons of Early Modern English (LEME) and Representative Poetry Online (RPO). Plamondon focuses on his efforts in the evolution and restructuring of these databases. He discusses the various advantages and challenges of creating a relational database. Some of these topics include custom XML coding, lemmatization, project finances and appropriation of funds, integrating digital tools, and creating a better user experience. }, keywords = {database, language-based systems reading environments, lemma, lemmatic web, lexicons, text analysis}, url = {http://www.src-online.ca/index.php/src/article/view/80}, author = {Plamondon, Marc} } @article {roberts_conceptual_2000, title = {A Conceptual Framework for Quantitative Text Analysis}, journal = {Quality and Quantity}, volume = {34}, number = {3}, year = {2000}, note = {00083}, pages = {259{\textendash}274}, abstract = {In this article, Roberts provides a history and critical exploration of quantitative text analysis methods. Roberts seeks to "provide long-needed structure on a wide spectrum of text analysis methodologies" - something that he sees as lacking or being misrepresented in current scholarship. The objective of Roberts{\textquoteright} article is to aid researchers in selecting the appropriate text analysis method for their project. Roberts discusses such examples as contingency analysis, instrumental analysis, thematic analysis, semantic analysis, and network analysis. As way of conclusion, Roberts cautions against common scholarly pitfalls in conducting proper quantitative text analysis, such as the importance of context and understanding how to interpret the data. }, keywords = {content analysis, instrumental versus representational, Methodology of the Social Sciences, network, quantitative methods, semantic grammar, text analysis}, issn = {0033-5177, 1573-7845}, doi = {10.1023/A:1004780007748}, url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A\%3A1004780007748}, author = {Roberts, Carl W.} } @article {passant_meaning_2008, title = {Meaning Of A Tag: A collaborative approach to bridge the gap between tagging and Linked Data}, journal = {Proceedings of the WWW 2008 Workshop Linked Data on the Web (LDOW 2008), Beijing, China}, year = {2008}, note = {00181}, abstract = {Passant and Laublet explore one of the various aspects of the Web 2.0 movement: tagging. Passant and Laublet emphasize that tagging embodies the praxis of the Web 2.0 movement by embracing user control through both categorizing and commenting. Passant and Laublet identify a gap in collaborative user tagging between Semantic Web URIs and free-tagging practices; their MOAT project is designed to bridge this gap. This project addresses some of the major limitations of free-taggin: ambiguity, heterogeneity, and flat organization. Passant and Laublet detail the classes, properties, and application of the MOAT ontology. They conclude by arguing that the structure of the MOAT project makes it a useful tool for both finding and suggesting resources related to similar content. }, keywords = {2012, framework, moat, seminar, summer, tagging}, url = {http://ftp.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/Publications/CEUR-WS/Vol-369/paper22.pdf}, author = {Passant, A and Laublet, P} } @conference {foulonneau_using_2005, title = {Using collection descriptions to enhance an aggregation of harvested item-level metadata}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 5th ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries, 2005. JCDL {\textquoteright}05}, year = {2005}, note = {00041}, pages = {32{\textendash}41}, abstract = {In this paper, Foulonneau, Cole, Habing, and Shreeves address the importance of context in granular metadata descriptions. Foulonneau et al. use this paper to illustrate "a few ways collection descriptions can be integrated into a harvested item-level metadata service." The authors discuss the Committee for Institutional Cooperation{\textquoteright}s collection description schema and connect it to the OAI repositories set up for individual item descriptions. The issues of collection description correspondence and query quality are also addressed. Foulonneau et al. conclude by suggesting that "additional work is required to more thoroughly and more systematically describe and quantify these potential benefits and describe how potential benefits depend on the character and quality of both item-level and collection-level description."}, keywords = {academic libraries, academic research libraries, Best practices, Collaboration, collection-level description, context loss, Context-aware services, description granularity, descriptive metadata, digital libraries, digital library projects, Guidelines, harvested item-level metadata, heterogeneous providers, Horses, Image retrieval, information retrieval, item-level descriptive metadata, meta data, metadata aggregation, open archives initiative, Permission, Protocols, research libraries, search, Software libraries}, doi = {10.1145/1065385.1065393}, url = {http://imlsdcc.grainger.uiuc.edu/docs/usingcollectiondescriptions.pdf}, author = {Foulonneau, M and Cole, T.W and Habing, T.G and Shreeves, S.L} } @inbook {hyvonen_building_2008, title = {Building a National Semantic Web Ontology and Ontology Service Infrastructure {\textendash}The FinnONTO Approach}, booktitle = {The Semantic Web: Research and Applications}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, number = {5021}, year = {2008}, note = {00086}, month = {jan}, pages = {95{\textendash}109}, publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, abstract = {This paper presents the vision and results of creating a national level cross-domain ontology and ontology service infrastructure in Finland. The novelty of the infrastructure is based on two ideas. First, a system of open source core ontologies is being developed by transforming thesauri into mutually aligned lightweight ontologies, including a large top ontology that is extended by various domain specific ontologies. Second, the ONKI Ontology Server framework for publishing ontologies as ready to use services has been designed and implemented. ONKI provides legacy and other applications with ready to use functionalities for using ontologies on the HTML level by Ajax and semantic widgets. The idea is to use ONKI for creating mash-up applications in a way analogous to using Google or Yahoo Maps, but in our case external applications are mashed-up with ontology support.}, keywords = {Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics), Computer Communication Networks, Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, Information Storage and Retrieval, Information Systems Applications (incl.Internet), Software Engineering}, isbn = {978-3-540-68233-2, 978-3-540-68234-9}, url = {http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-68234-9_10}, author = {Hyv{\"o}nen, Eero and Viljanen, Kim and Tuominen, Jouni and Sepp{\"a}l{\"a}, Katri}, editor = {Bechhofer, Sean and Hauswirth, Manfred and Hoffmann, J{\"o}rg and Koubarakis, Manolis} } @inbook {kobilarov_media_2009, title = {Media Meets Semantic Web {\textendash} How the BBC Uses DBpedia and Linked Data to Make Connections}, booktitle = {The Semantic Web: Research and Applications}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, number = {5554}, year = {2009}, note = {00197}, month = {jan}, pages = {723{\textendash}737}, publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, abstract = {This article discusses {\textquotedblleft}how the BBC is working to integrate data and linking documents across BBC domains by using Semantic Web technology, in particular Linked Data, MusicBrainz, and DBpedia.{\textquotedblright} BBC has been publishing its data through separate, stand alone sites which are maintained by different teams, making it difficult to link and search across these different domains. In order to improve the BBC online presence, BBC, Freie Universit{\"a}t Berlin and Rattle Research are working on creating a common controlled vocabulary and interlinking the content to support contextual, semantic navigation and to help classify all the BBC online content. Although only a small portion of the content has been updated, the team is continuing to work on this project and is positive that BBC and their users will benefit largely from this connected ecosystem of content. }, keywords = {Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics), Computer Communication Networks, Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, Information Storage and Retrieval, Information Systems Applications (incl.Internet), Software Engineering}, isbn = {978-3-642-02120-6, 978-3-642-02121-3}, url = {http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-02121-3_53}, author = {Kobilarov, Georgi and Scott, Tom and Raimond, Yves and Oliver, Silver and Sizemore, Chris and Smethurst, Michael and Bizer, Christian and Lee, Robert}, editor = {Aroyo, Lora and Traverso, Paolo and Ciravegna, Fabio and Cimiano, Philipp and Heath, Tom and Hyv{\"o}nen, Eero and Mizoguchi, Riichiro and Oren, Eyal and Sabou, Marta and Simperl, Elena} } @inbook {siemens_electronic_2013, title = {Electronic Scholarly Editions}, booktitle = {A Companion to Digital Literary Studies}, year = {2013}, note = {00025}, month = {mar}, pages = {434{\textendash}450}, publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons}, organization = {John Wiley \& Sons}, abstract = {This Companion offers an extensive examination of how new technologies are changing the nature of literary studies, from scholarly editing and literary criticism, to interactive fiction and immersive environments. A complete overview exploring the application of computing in literary studies Includes the seminal writings from the field Focuses on methods and perspectives, new genres, formatting issues, and best practices for digital preservation Explores the new genres of hypertext literature, installations, gaming, and web blogs The Appendix serves as an annotated bibliography}, keywords = {Social Science / Popular Culture, Social Science / Sociology / General}, isbn = {9781118508961}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9781405177504.ch24/summary}, author = {Price, Kenneth M.}, editor = {Siemens, Ray and Schreibman, Susan} } @inbook {siemens_electronic_2004, title = {Electronic scholarly editing}, booktitle = {A Companion to Digital Literary Studies}, year = {2004}, note = {00000}, pages = {306{\textendash}322}, publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons}, organization = {John Wiley \& Sons}, abstract = {In this second essay in a series on electronic scholarly editing, Martha Nell Smith strives to define and differentiate print editing from electronic editing. Smith discusses how editorial practices have shifted with the advent of digital editing. She emphasizes the transparency of electronic scholarly editing in its ability to represent the text{\textquoteright}s physicality more fully through digital reproductions rather than the distillation of a text that occurs in the print editing process. Additionally, Smith argues that electronic editing has promoted and increased the viability of scholarly collaboration. Smith asserts that these types of collaborative, polygraphic works should be the future of digital humanities publications.}, keywords = {Social Science / Popular Culture, Social Science / Sociology / General}, isbn = {9781118508961}, url = {http://digitalhumanities.org:3030/companion/view?docId=blackwell/9781405103213/9781405103213.xml\&chunk.id=ss1-4-3\&toc.depth=1\&toc.id=ss1-4-3\&brand=9781405103213_brand}, author = {Smith, Martha Nell}, editor = {Siemens, Ray and Schreibman, Susan} } @book {hunter_printed_2010, title = {Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation}, year = {2010}, note = {00005}, publisher = {Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.}, organization = {Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.}, abstract = {Printed images were ubiquitous in early modern Britain, and they often convey powerful messages which are all the more important for having circulated widely at the time. Yet, by comparison with printed texts, these images have been neglected, particularly by historians to whom they ought to be of the greatest interest. This volume helps remedy this state of affairs. Complementing the online digital library of British Printed Images to 1700, it offers a series of essays which exemplify the many ways in which such visual material can throw light on the history of the period.Ranging from religion to politics, polemic to satire, natural science to consumer culture, the collection explores how printed images need to be read in terms of the visual syntax understood by contemporaries, their full meaning often only becoming clear when they are located in the context in which they were produced and deployed. The result is not only to illustrate the sheer richness of material of this kind, but also to underline the importance of the messages which it conveys, which often come across more strongly in visual form than through textual commentaries.With contributions from many leading exponents of the cultural history of early modern Britain, including experts on religion, politics, science and art, the book{\textquoteright}s appeal will be equally wide, demonstrating how every facet of British culture in the period can be illuminated through the study of printed images.}, keywords = {Art / History / Renaissance, History / Europe / Great Britain, Social Science / Anthropology / Cultural}, isbn = {9780754666547}, url = {http://www.ashgate.com/isbn/9780754666547}, author = {Hunter, Michael Cyril William} } @article {richards_archaeology_2006, title = {Archaeology, e-publication and the Semantic Web}, journal = {Antiquity}, volume = {80}, number = {310}, year = {2006}, note = {00018}, pages = {970{\textendash}979}, abstract = {In this article, Richards explores the potential of the Semantic Web for archaeological scholarship. He begins by discussing the design of the web as an only human readable structure. However, despite the web{\textquoteright}s current structure, Richards argues that there is a lot of potential for the web to support scholarship through sustainable publishing and the rise of e-Journals. Richards suggests that theories of the Semantic Web be put into practice by using XML to identify and tag archaeological resources. As a first step, Richards urges for the development of ontologies to categorize the literature. }, keywords = {Archaeology, Data bases, Data mining, digital libraries, Guidelines, Memorials \& monuments, Research, Search engines}, issn = {0003598X}, url = {http://search.proquest.com/docview/217578453?accountid=11862}, author = {Richards, Julian D.} } @inbook {mcinnis_webs_2014, title = {Webs of Engagement}, booktitle = {Shakespeare and the Digital World: Redefining Scholarship and Practice}, year = {2014}, note = {00000}, pages = {43{\textendash}55}, publisher = {Cambridge {UP}}, organization = {Cambridge {UP}}, address = {Cambridge, England}, abstract = {David McInnis begins this chapter with a question: "why go digital?" McInnis argues that while the digital does offer a myriad of benefits - including increased access and enhanced layouts of materials - simply being digital is not enough for a project to be defined as value added. McInnis makes clear that the decision to create a digital resource over a print resource should be a choice of calculated and critical thinking. McInnis traces his experience developing the Lost Plays Database as a case study. McInnis addresses issues of access, subscription, copyright, and user engagement, contribution, and collaboration. He argues that this type of communal engagement desires more exploration and research. }, keywords = {1500-1699, and poetry, drama, English literature, in scholarship, role of Internet}, isbn = {9781107064362 (hbk.)}, author = {McInnis, David}, editor = {Carson, Christie and Kirwan, Peter} } @article {curran_virtual_2006, title = {Virtual Scholarship: Navigating Early Modern Studies in the World Wide Web}, journal = {Early Modern Literary Studies: A Journal of Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century English Literature}, volume = {12}, number = {1}, year = {2006}, note = {00000}, month = {may}, abstract = {In this essay, Curran reviews several Renaissance or Early Modern digital resources in order to answer the question of how to incorporate digital technology in the classroom. Curran examines online journal, electronic texts, databases, manuscript resources, sound repositories, and futuristic web-based scholarship. Within each of these individual venues, Curran cites projects and initiatives applicable to the study of Early Modern materials. }, keywords = {1500-1699, English literature, in computer-assisted research, role of Internet}, issn = {1201-2459}, url = {http://extra.shu.ac.uk/emls/12-1/currvirt.htm}, author = {Curran, Kevin} } @article {ziegler_women_2001, title = {Women Writers Online: An Evaluation and Annotated Bibliography of Web Resources}, journal = {Early Modern Literary Studies: A Journal of Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century English Literature}, volume = {6}, number = {3}, year = {2001}, note = {00000}, month = {jan}, abstract = {Using Paul Delany{\textquoteright}s term docuverse (a large collection of electronically stored and linked documents, connected to a computer network), Ziegler discusses how electronic collections are limitless in their manipulability. Ziegler argues that the web allows people to interact with texts in different ways - through comparison, drawing intertextual connections, or providing different contexts. However, while computers "may allow us to weave a richer and different kind of text than before, but such text-making is at present still very time consuming, requiring hours of searching on the web, where we are often frustrated by not finding exactly what we want." Ziegler highlights issues of upkeep, mobility, and transferability when it comes to electronic texts. To conclude Ziegler emphasizes the importance to remembering the embodied form of a text, even when encountering them online. Following Ziegler{\textquoteright}s article she produces an annotated bibliography of Early Modern writers from the Women Writers Online archive. }, keywords = {1500-1699, by women writers, checklist, English literature, of website, review article}, issn = {1201-2459}, url = {http://extra.shu.ac.uk/emls/06-3/06-3toc.htm}, author = {Ziegler, Georgianna} } @inbook {iliffe_digitizing_2004, title = {Digitizing Isaac: The Newton Project and an Electronic Edition of Newton{\textquoteright}s Papers}, booktitle = {Newton and Newtonianism}, series = {International Archives of the History of Ideas/Archives internationales d{\textquoteright}histoire des id{\'e}es}, year = {2004}, note = {00001}, month = {jan}, pages = {23{\textendash}38}, publisher = {Springer Netherlands}, organization = {Springer Netherlands}, abstract = {In this book chapter, Rob Iliffe discusses the project of digitizing Newton{\textquoteright}s corpus. Overall, Iliffe argues that scholarship{\textquoteright}s move to the web has "dramatically changed the relationship between the editor and the reader/ end-user." In conclusion, Iliffe underscores how "necessarily collaborative" an endeavour like the Newton Project is. Iliffe advocates for the communication between groups developing web-based resources in order to integrate their data and ensure compatibility. }, keywords = {History, History of Philosophy, Religious Studies}, isbn = {978-1-4020-1969-2, 978-1-4020-2238-8}, url = {http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/1-4020-2238-7_3}, author = {Iliffe, Rob}, editor = {Force, James E. and Hutton, Sarah} } @article {flanders_trusting_1997, title = {Trusting the Electronic Edition}, journal = {Computers and the Humanities}, volume = {31}, number = {4}, year = {1997}, note = {00014}, pages = {301{\textendash}310}, abstract = {Julia Flanders begins this article by acknowledging the current debate regarding images in electronic editions. Flanders quickly asserts that this debate is merely a facet of the larger questions of how do editions produce knowledge and what types of information do we want edition providing to an audience? Flanders argues that the web has opened up an immense number of alternatives and enhancements to textuality. The pro/anti image debate is a manifestation of these options. Flanders argues that the varying opinions in this debate evidence the multitude of edition pedagogies at play in the humanities discipline. Looking forward, Flanders proposes that the documentary information presented by images may soon be rivalled by text encoding practices, such as TEI.}, keywords = {computational linguistics, Computer Science, digital images, electronic editing, general, Languages and Literature, Linguistics (general), pedagogy}, issn = {0010-4817, 1572-8412}, doi = {10.1023/A:1001014523941}, url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A\%3A1001014523941}, author = {Flanders, Julia} } @conference {hutt_semantics_2005, title = {Semantics and Syntax of Dublin Core Usage in Open Archives Initiative Data Providers of Cultural Heritage Materials}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 5th ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries}, series = {{JCDL} {\textquoteright}05}, year = {2005}, note = {00025}, pages = {262{\textendash}270}, publisher = {ACM}, organization = {ACM}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, abstract = {Arwen Hutt and Jenn Riley discuss the heightened interest in and development of aggregated cultural heritage resource collections. They focus on the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH) whose goal is to provide a {\textquotedblleft}low-barrier method for the sharing of metadata{\textquotedblright} between centralized repositories. Hutt and Riley conduct an in-depth study of the UIUC Digital Gateway to Cultural Heritage Materials{\textquoteright} use of the creator, contributor, and data fields of Dublin Core. Their results found that while there is high compliance and accuracy in the use of the data and creator fields, the contributor field as a high level of inappropriate values indicating that there is confusion over this concept. Hutt and Riley emphasize that useful, shareable metadata relies on communicative relationships between OAI-the object and OAI-search environment. They argue that there is a disconnect between the structure of Dublin Core and the descriptive needs of institutions. In order to remedy this they suggest (i) removing the requirement of Dublin Core, (ii) developing best practice documentation, (iii) educating metadata providers, and (iv) facilitating the sharing of resources between service providers.}, keywords = {digital libraries, dublin core, interoperability, metadata quality, open archives initiative}, isbn = {1-58113-876-8}, doi = {10.1145/1065385.1065447}, url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1065385.1065447}, author = {Hutt, Arwen and Riley, Jenn} } @article {morrison_delivering_1999, title = {Delivering Electronic Texts Over the Web: The Current and Planned Practices of the Oxford Text Archive}, journal = {Computers and the Humanities}, volume = {33}, number = {1-2}, year = {1999}, note = {00004}, month = {apr}, pages = {193{\textendash}198}, abstract = {This paper is an overview of some recent developments within the Oxford Text Archive (OTA). Specifically it focuses on the use of various forms of metadata used within the OTA, including the manipulation of the TEI header, as a means of assisting in the discovery and delivery of resources from the OTA. The paper explores the use of metadata throughout the Arts and Humanities Data Service as a whole, and how this has facilitated the building of an integrated gateway to digital humanities resources. Finally there is a brief discussion on how the OTA currently provides access to its holdings via the WWW and a look at some possible future developments.}, keywords = {archive, computational linguistics, Computer Science, Electronic texts, general, Languages and Literature, Linguistics (general), metadata, on-line delivery}, issn = {0010-4817, 1572-8412}, doi = {10.1023/A:1001726011322}, url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A\%3A1001726011322}, author = {Morrison, A} } @booklet {weingart_demystifying_2011, title = {Demystifying Networks}, journal = {the scottbot irregular}, year = {2011}, note = {00000}, month = {dec}, abstract = {In this scholarly blog post, Scott Weingart discusses the basic elements of network visualizations and how they relate to humanities research. Weingart carefully and clearly defines the main components of networks - nodes and edges - as well as the main types of networks - single modal, bimodal, and multimodal. Weingart employs concrete examples and simple visualizations to build a network from the ground up. As the first part in a continuing (now nine part) series, this article allows Weingart to establish the basic concepts and introduce important questions to be tackled later in the series. }, keywords = {method}, url = {http://www.scottbot.net/HIAL/?p=6279}, author = {Weingart, Scott} } @booklet {siefring_sustaining_2013, title = {Sustaining the EEBO-TCP Corpus in Transition: Report on the TIDSR Benchmarking Study}, number = {{ID} 2236202}, year = {2013}, note = {00000}, publisher = {Social Science Research Network}, type = {{SSRN} Scholarly Paper}, address = {Rochester, {NY}}, abstract = {The Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership (EEBO-TCP) was established in 1999, as a collaborative project involving the University of Oxford, the University of Michigan, the commercial publisher ProQuest and the Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR). The aim of the Text Creation Partnership was to create fully searchable XML-encoded transcriptions of the image sets of early printed books which form the basis for ProQuest{\textquoteright}s Early English Books Online. The Bodleian Libraries and the Oxford Internet Institute sought and received funding from JISC under their Digital Preservation and Curation programme for the SECT: Sustaining the EEBO-TCP Corpus in Transition project. The first stage of the SECT project was to carry out a benchmarking study of the impact and use of EEBO-TCP, using the OII{\textquoteright}s Toolkit for the Impact of Digital Scholarly Resources (TIDSR), itself a JISC-funded initiative. The study concentrated primarily on the use and impact of EEBO-TCP in the UK. This report outlines the results of the TIDSR study, which will be used as a basis for the creation of practical recommendations for improvements to EEBO-TCP, focusing on how best to secure the long-term sustainability of the corpus.}, keywords = {digital libraries, impact, measurement}, url = {http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2236202}, author = {Siefring, Judith and Meyer, Eric T.} } @article {kirschenbaum_editors_2002, title = {Editor{\textquoteright}s Introduction: Image-Based Humanities Computing}, journal = {Computers and the Humanities}, volume = {36}, number = {1}, year = {2002}, note = {00017}, pages = {3{\textendash}6}, abstract = {Matthew Kirschenbaum{\textquoteright}s introduction to his edited issue in Computers and Humanities begins with, "Image-based humanities computing is an established practice located at the inter-section of a set of intellectual convictions regarding knowledge representation on the one hand, and the dramatically accelerating pace of technical research in digital imaging technologies on the other." Kirschenbaum defines image-based humanities broadly as a means of bringing visual tools to bear on artifacts. Kirschenbaum acknowledges that many projects involved in image-based digital projects are reaching their "initial plateau of completion", meaning that much of their material is accessible to the public. With this in mind, Kirschenbaum{\textquoteright}s overarching vision for the special issue is to address some of the key questions facing image-based digital humanities projects as well as to document the innovative work being conducted in the discipline.}, keywords = {computational linguistics, Computer Science, general, Languages and Literature, Linguistics (general)}, issn = {0010-4817, 1572-8412}, doi = {10.1023/A:1013140429086}, url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A\%3A1013140429086}, author = {Kirschenbaum, Matthew G.} } @article {lagoze_what_????, title = {What Is a Digital Library Anymore, Anyway? Beyond Search and Access in the NSDL}, journal = {D-Lib Magazine}, volume = {11}, number = {11}, year = {Submitted}, note = {00008}, abstract = {Lagoze et al. open their article by announcing that "we are now in the adolescence of digital libraries. Like any adolescence, there is reason for optimism and concern." Their optimism stems from the vast expansion over "a decade of research, development, and deployment." Their concern is that we lack the "standard, scalable techniques for fully preserving [this proliferation of] information." Referring to the issue as the "googlization" of libraries, Lagoze et al. express concern that the digital library is being reduced to mere search and access functions. "This paper describes an information model for digital libraries that intentionally moves "beyond search and access", without ignoring those basic functions, and facilitates the creation of collaborative and contextual knowledge environments." }, keywords = {digital, dl, library}, doi = {10.1045/november2005-lagoze}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1045/november2005-lagoze}, author = {Lagoze, C and Krafft, DB and Payettei, S and Jesuroga, S} } @booklet {bulger_reinventing_2011, title = {Reinventing Research? Information Practices in the Humanities}, number = {{ID} 1859267}, year = {2011}, note = {00022}, publisher = {Social Science Research Network}, type = {{SSRN} Scholarly Paper}, address = {Rochester, {NY}}, abstract = {Researchers in the humanities adopt a wide variety of approaches to their research. Their work tends to focus on texts and images, but they use and also create a wide range of information resources, in print, manuscript and digital forms. Like other researchers, they face multiple demands on their time, and so they find the ease and speed of access to digital resources very attractive: some of them note that they are reluctant on occasion to consult texts that require a trip to a distant library or archive. Nevertheless, none of the participants in our study is yet ready to abandon print and manuscript resources in favour of digital ones. Rather, they engage with a range of resources and technologies, moving seamlessly between them. Such behaviours are likely to persist for some time.This is reflected also in how researchers disseminate their research. The overwhelmingly dominant channels are the long-established ones such as journal articles, conferences and workshops, monographs and book chapters. We found only limited use {\textendash} except among philosophers - of blogs and other social media. We noted the doubts expressed in other fields about quality assurance for users of such media, but also concerns about how best to present material that will be read by non-academic audiences.A key change in humanities research over the past 10-15 years has been the growth of more formal and systematic collaboration between researchers. This is a response in part to new funding opportunities, but also to the possibilities opened up by new technology. Over recent years there has also been a shift from the model under which technology specialists tell researchers how to do their research to more constructive engagement. Like other researchers, scholars in the humanities use what works for them, finding technologies and resources that fit their research, and resisting any pressure to use something just because it is new.But there is little evidence as yet of their taking full advantage of the possibilities of more advanced tools for text-mining, grid or cloud computing, or the semantic web; and only limited uptake of even simple, freely-available tools for data management and sharing. Rather, they manage and store information on their desktops and laptops, and share it with others via email. Barriers to the adoption and take up of new technologies and services include lack of awareness and of institutional training and support, but also lack of standardization and inconsistencies in quality and functionality across different resources. These make for delays in research, repetitive searching, and limitations on researchers{\textquoteright} ability to draw connections and relationships between different resources.}, keywords = {digital humanities, information use}, url = {http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1859267}, author = {Bulger, Monica E. and Meyer, Eric T. and Flor, De la and Grace and Terras, Melissa and Wyatt, Sally and Jirotka, Marina and Eccles, Katherine and Madsen, Christine McCarthy} } @article {eschenfelder_managing_2014, title = {Managing the data commons: Controlled sharing of scholarly data}, journal = {Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology}, volume = {65}, number = {9}, year = {2014}, note = {00000}, month = {sep}, pages = {1757{\textendash}1774}, abstract = {This paper describes the range and variation in access and use control policies and tools used by 24 web-based data repositories across a variety of fields. It also describes the rationale provided by repositories for their decisions to control data or provide means for depositors to do so. Using a purposive exploratory sample, we employed content analysis of repository website documentation, a web survey of repository managers, and selected follow-up interviews to generate data. Our results describe the range and variation in access and use control policies and tools employed, identifying both commonalities and distinctions across repositories. Using concepts from commons theory as a guiding theoretical framework, our analysis describes the following five dimensions of repository rules, or data commons boundaries: locus of decision making (depositor vs. repository), degree of variation in terms of use within the repository, the mission of the repository in relation to its scholarly field, what use means in relation to specific sorts of data, and types of exclusion.}, keywords = {data, digital rights management, information access}, issn = {2330-1643}, doi = {10.1002/asi.23086}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.23086/abstract}, author = {Eschenfelder, Kristin R. and Johnson, Andrew} } @article {mahoney_tools_2001, title = {Tools for Students in the Perseus Digital Library}, journal = {CALICO Journal}, volume = {18}, number = {2}, year = {2001}, note = {00003}, pages = {269{\textendash}282}, abstract = {In this article, Anne Mahoney introduces a guided tour of the Perseus Digital Library, an expanding online open access library for Ancient Greek and Roman materials, from the perspective of Greek and Latin teachers. Through a set of examples and images directly from the website, Mahoney demonstrates how Perseus Digital Library is a useful resource for students because it encourages active learning through a set of different mediums. The interconnected nature of the available tools, such as interconnected texts, language assistance, maps, timelines, and others, make it an especially useful resource to gain a deep and well-rounded knowledge of the ancient world. Mahoney concludes that through the Perseus Digital Library, students not only have the chance to master the languages, but also gain cultural knowledge of these civilizations. }, keywords = {digital libraries, Foreign Language Curriculum Standards, Hypertext}, issn = {2056-9017}, doi = {10.11139/cj.18.2.269-282}, url = {http://journals.sfu.ca/CALICO/index.php/calico/article/view/590}, author = {Mahoney, Anne} } @conference {crane_new_2000, title = {New Technology and New Roles: The Need for "Corpus Editors"}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fifth {ACM} Conference on Digital Libraries}, series = {{DL} {\textquoteright}00}, year = {2000}, note = {00000}, pages = {252{\textendash}253}, publisher = {ACM}, organization = {ACM}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, abstract = {This article discusses the new set of skills necessary for an editor in the digital age, specifically focusing on the corpus editor who is unable to manually work through each document in the collection due to its size. Crane and Rydberg-Cox argue for the importance of creating proper graduate education for these editors to develop the necessary skills to work with machines that perform tasks such as automatic tagging of elements of the text. The technology for employing such automated tasks exists and the corpus editor should have computational competence and area knowledge to maneuver it into handling tasks of varying difficulty and setting the necessary prerequisites for different fields. Working with these digital techniques and having the corpus editor surveying the results when necessary and editing more complicated parts instead would go a far way into improving the practice. The Perseus library started taking steps in this direction by supporting postgraduate scholars, but they call for a more comprehensive approach to fill this gap. }, keywords = {corpus linguistics, editing, Hypertext}, isbn = {1-58113-231-X}, doi = {10.1145/336597.336686}, url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/336597.336686}, author = {Crane, Gregory and Rydberg-Cox, Jeffrey A.} } @inbook {gold_beyond_2012, title = {Beyond Metrics: Community Authorization and Open Peer Review}, booktitle = {Debates in the Digital Humanities}, year = {2012}, note = {00077}, pages = {452{\textendash}459}, publisher = {U of Minnesota Press}, organization = {U of Minnesota Press}, abstract = {In this article, Kathleen Fitzpatrick investigates the future of peer review as scholarship transitions from the age of print to the digital realm. Fitzpatrick argues that current peer review practices are designed to interact with print scholarship and are, therefore, in some cases, ill suited for providing feedback on digital publications. Fitzpatrick acknowledges that peer review as a concept cannot be forgotten, as it remains the gold standard for academic publications and can ease the academic{\textquoteright}s uncertainty over the {\textquotedblleft}promiscuity{\textquotedblright} of the online publishing world. Fitzpatrick goes on to discuss the benefits and challenges of revitalized models of peer review such as {\textquotedblleft}our-crowd{\textquotedblright} sourcing and the publish-then-filter model.}, keywords = {Education / Educational Policy \& Reform / General, Education / Higher}, isbn = {9780816677948}, url = {http://dhdebates.gc.cuny.edu/debates}, author = {Fitzpatrick, Kathleen}, editor = {Gold, Matthew K.} } @article {arms_what_2002, title = {What Are The Alternatives To Peer Review? Quality Control in Scholarly Publishing on the Web}, journal = {Journal of Electronic Publishing}, volume = {8}, number = {1}, year = {2002}, note = {00067}, abstract = {In this article William Y. Arms discusses the state and practices of information review on the web. Arms asserts that while there is a lot of unreliable, sloppy, and simply terrible information on the Internet, there is also a lot of quality research - and the distinction between the two is not always as apparent as you would think. Arms focuses on the status of peer review. Arms argues that the varying degrees of peer review place resources on a spectrum of quality instead of decidedly categorizing these sources as the best of the best. In our quest as researchers to seek "Internet gold", it is paramount that we considering looking outside of the peer review framework to come in contact with some superior resources subject to other reviewing systems. Arms suggests that we look for resources where the publisher is the creator, where there is great editorial control, and where reputations are highly regarded. }, keywords = {Digital Scholarly Communication}, issn = {1080-2711}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3998/3336451.0008.103}, url = {http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.3336451.0008.103}, author = {Arms, William Y.} }